Shugendo
Shugend? is a small, syncretic, highly esoteric and ascetic sect or sub-sect of Buddhism (mostly related to, and often considered a distinct branch of the Tendai and Shingon schools) combining elements of Zen, Taoism, Koshint?, Japanese folk animism and shamanism. The faith is traditionally believed to have been founded by the ?rama?a and mystic-sorcerer En no Gy?ja in the 7th or 8th century. In the same manner as the religion of Shint?, Shugend? is largely relegated to the East Asian country of Japan.
The lay practitioners and monks of Shugend?, called Shugenja or yamabushi respectively, venerate mountains as both spiritual areas and, along with nature as a whole, “natural ma??alas” .
Adherents of Shugend? consider the collective Three Mountains of Dewa (consisting of Mount Haguro, Mount Gassan, and Mount Yudono), located in the remote Dewa Province of Japan, to be their most sacred of places. The three mountains are also sacred in Shint?.